The Z boson is a neutral, electrically charged elementary particle that is a carrier of the weak nuclear force in the Standard Model of particle physics. It was discovered in 1983 by experiments conducted at CERN. The Z boson is responsible for mediating the weak interaction, which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. The Z boson is a heavy, unstable particle with a mass of around 91 GeV/c². It plays a crucial role in processes such as beta decay and neutrino interactions. The study of the Z boson and its properties has provided important insights into the weak force and the fundamental nature of particles and interactions. Research on the Z boson continues to be an active area of study in particle physics, with experiments conducted at high-energy colliders such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. By studying the properties of the Z boson, scientists can test the predictions of the Standard Model and search for new physics beyond it.